| UBUNTU20.04配置单网卡多ip教程 |
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临时添加 IP 地址 首先，让我们找到网卡的 IP 地址。在我的 Ubuntu 15.10 服务器版中，我只使用了一个网卡。 运行下面的命令找到 IP 地址： sudo ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: enp0s3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 08:00:27:2a:03:4b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.1.103/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global enp0s3 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fe2a:34e/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
sudo ifconfig
enp0s3 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:2a:03:4b inet addr:192.168.1.103 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fe2a:34e/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:186 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:70 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:21872 (21.8 KB) TX bytes:9666 (9.6 KB) lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1 RX packets:217 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:217 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:38793 (38.7 KB) TX bytes:38793 (38.7 KB)
现在让我们来为网卡添加一个新的 IP 地址，例如说 192.168.1.104。 打开你的终端并运行下面的命令添加额外的 IP。 sudo ip addr add 192.168.1.104/24 dev enp0s3
sudo ip address show enp0s3
2: enp0s3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 08:00:27:2a:03:4e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.1.103/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global enp0s3 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet 192.168.1.104/24 scope global secondary enp0s3 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fe2a:34e/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
让我们 ping 一下这个 IP 地址验证一下。 sudo ping 192.168.1.104
PING 192.168.1.104 (192.168.1.104) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.1.104: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.901 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.104: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.571 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.104: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.521 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.104: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.524 ms
要删除 IP，只需要运行： sudo ip addr del 192.168.1.104/24 dev enp0s3
sudo ip address show enp0s3
2: enp0s3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 08:00:27:2a:03:4e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.1.103/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global enp0s3 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fe2a:34e/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
正如你所知，重启系统后这些设置会失效。那么怎么设置才能永久有效呢？这也很简单。 添加永久 IP 地址 Ubuntu 系统的网卡配置文件是 /etc/network/interfaces。 让我们来看看上面文件的具体内容。 sudo cat /etc/network/interfaces
# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system # and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5). source /etc/network/interfaces.d/* # The loopback network interface auto lo iface lo inet loopback # The primary network interface auto enp0s3 iface enp0s3 inet dhcp
现在，让我们来分配一个额外的地址，例如 192.168.1.104/24。 编辑 /etc/network/interfaces： sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces
# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system # and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5). source /etc/network/interfaces.d/* # The loopback network interface auto lo iface lo inet loopback # The primary network interface auto enp0s3 iface enp0s3 inet dhcp iface enp0s3 inet static address 192.168.1.104/24
运行下面的命令使更改无需重启即生效。 sudo ifdown enp0s3 && sudo ifup enp0s3
Killed old client process Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client 4.3.1 Copyright 2004-2014 Internet Systems Consortium. All rights reserved. For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/ Listening on LPF/enp0s3/08:00:27:2a:03:4e Sending on LPF/enp0s3/08:00:27:2a:03:4e Sending on Socket/fallback DHCPRELEASE on enp0s3 to 192.168.1.1 port 67 (xid=0x225f35) Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client 4.3.1 Copyright 2004-2014 Internet Systems Consortium. All rights reserved. For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/ Listening on LPF/enp0s3/08:00:27:2a:03:4e Sending on LPF/enp0s3/08:00:27:2a:03:4e Sending on Socket/fallback DHCPDISCOVER on enp0s3 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 3 (xid=0xdfb94764) DHCPREQUEST of 192.168.1.103 on enp0s3 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 (xid=0x6447b9df) DHCPOFFER of 192.168.1.103 from 192.168.1.1 DHCPACK of 192.168.1.103 from 192.168.1.1 bound to 192.168.1.103 -- renewal in 35146 seconds.
现在，让我们用下面的命令来检查一下是否添加了新的 IP： sudo ip address show enp0s3
2: enp0s3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 08:00:27:2a:03:4e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.1.103/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global enp0s3 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet 192.168.1.104/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global secondary enp0s3 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fe2a:34e/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
再次 ping IP 地址进行验证。 sudo ping 192.168.1.104
PING 192.168.1.104 (192.168.1.104) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.1.104: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.137 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.104: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.050 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.104: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.054 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.104: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.067 ms
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